000			02143 a2200241 4500
003			OSt
020			_a9783031207433
040			_cIIT Kanpur
041			_aeng
082			_a539.7222 _bSt66n
100			_aStohr, Joachim
245			_aThe nature of X-rays and their interactions with matter _cJoachim Stohr
260			_bSpringer _c2023 _aSwitzerland
300			_axxvii, 921p
440			_aSpringer tracts in modern physics
490			_a/ edited by Mishkatul Bhattacharya ...[et al.] _v; v.288
520			_aThis book gives a comprehensive account of modern x-ray science, based on the use of synchrotron radiation and x-ray-free electron lasers (XFELs). It emphasizes the new capabilities of XFELs which extend the study of matter to the intrinsic timescales associated with the motion of atoms and chemical transformations and give birth to the new field of non-linear x-ray science. Starting with the historical understanding of the puzzling nature of light, it covers the modern description of the creation, properties, and detection of x-rays within quantum optics. It then presents the formulation of the interactions of x-rays with atomic matter, both, from semi-classical and first-principles quantum points of view. The fundamental x-ray processes and techniques, absorption, emission, Thomson, and resonant scattering (REXS and RIXS) are reviewed with emphasis on simple intuitive pictures that are illustrated by experimental results. Concepts of x-ray imaging and diffractive imaging of atomic and nano structures are discussed, and the quantum optics formulation of diffraction is presented that reveals the remarkable quantum substructure of light. The unique power of x-rays in providing atom and chemical-bond specific information and separating charge and spin phenomena through x-ray polarization (dichroism) effects are highlighted. The book concludes with the discussion of many-photon or non-linear x-ray phenomena encountered with XFELs, such as stimulated emission and x-ray transparency.
650			_aX-rays
650			_aSynchrotrons
650			_aOptics
650			_aX-ray spectroscopy
942			_cBK
999			_c566921 _d566921