The book reviews the natural product chemistry of Australian rainforest plants, with a particular focus on their fascinating phylogenetic relationships. It discusses the unique flora of Australia, which is of Gondwanan origin, and how this has led to a diverse range of natural products. The text explores the chemical constituents of various plant groups, including those of gymnosperms, basal angiosperms, magnoliids, monocots, and eudicots, with an emphasis on the Australian rainforest species. Key points covered include the historical context of Australian flora, its high level of endemism, and the impact of past climatic changes on rainforest distribution. The book also details the specific phytochemicals found in these plants (about 2,400), such as alkaloids, lignans, and terpenoids, and their biological activities. Overall, this comprehensive volume highlights the importance of Australian rainforests as a rich source of unique natural products and emphasizes the need for further research in this area, in particular given that only approximately 10% of these rainforest species have been investigated so far.